Ventilator



(No Model.) 2 SheetsShet 1.

J. T. DARKINS.

VENTILATOR. v

Patented Feb. 19, 1895.

4 9 G 9 9 9 e 6 In K 4 l l ..-.--H.. 9%

N5 Mode i.) 2 ShetSSheet 2.

- J. T. DARKINS.

VENTILATOR.

Patented Feb. 19, 1895.

' INVENTOR ployed for railway service.

UN T D STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN THOMAS DARKINS, OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

VENTILATOR.

. snncmrcurrou formingm of Letters Patent No. 534,322, dated February.19, 1895,-

Application filedil'uly $1, 1994.

Serial No. 519,057- (No model.),

' a citizen of the United States, residing at Alleghgny, in the countyof Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered anew and useful Improvement in Ventilators, of which-the following is afull, clear,- and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of .thisspecification, in which'Figure 1 is a front'elevation of my device, applied to a window inposition for operation. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view, taken onthe line II II of Fig. 1'. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken'on theline III III of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a partial detail view'sh'owing'thehead in position. Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view taken on the line VV'of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a perspective view'of my device, ready forapplication toawindow. Fig.7 isafront elevation of the form ofventilator, preferably em- Fig. 8 is an end elevation, as attached to acar. Fig. 9 isa' horizontal sectional view on the line IX IX of Fig. 7.Fig. 10 is a cross sectional view taken on the line X X of Fig. 7. Fig.11 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line XI XI of Fig. 7.Fig. 12 is a cross sectional view taken on the line XII XII, of Fig-.11.Fig. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line XIII XIII ofFig. 11. Fig. 14 is a perspective view, detached. Like symbols ofreference refer to like parts wherever used throughoutthisspecification. My invention relates to ventilators, and is designedparticularly for use in windows of buildings, andin'railway cars,vessels, or moving structures, requiring a constant supply-0f fresh airor a removal of foul air. I Primarily, it consists in a rectangularboxor case, preferably constructed of light sheet metal and providedwith openings and passages for the currents of air as indicated by thearrows, and deflecting plates or baffie walls set atdifferent angles andpositions for.

the purposes hereinafter described.

It has for its object the facilitating of the .passage of the desiredcurrent'of air, and at or convenient structure.

on Sheet 2 of the drawings I show means for on the foul'air within thecar by su'ctiomd'ue to the motion of the car. I 1 Referring now totheprovided with'th'e flanges 3-for attachment increasing the natural draftbyin'ducingacurerent of air from the outside" to enter and act drawings,2 repr"e some the outside casing forming the incl os' ing shell or boxof the ventilator, which is 6 o to the framework of a car or othersuitable;

In the form of. the. devic illustrated on Sheet 1 of the drawings I haveshown the ventilator applied to theunder part of a window frame foradmission of fresh air from the outside of the room to the interior, andwhen used in this way I have found that wherever practicable it is bestto have acorresponding ventilator placed at the otherside of the room,or'at any convenient point where it will be in line with the draft, andpreferably higher than the induction ventilator. Thus it will be seenthat the same, device will operate equally well as an ind'uction and edaction ventilator by simply reversing the position as to the directionof .the'desired current of air. When used under a window sash as shownin Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings I'employ filling or partition blocks4and 4' to fill up the excess space under the sash, and to one of theseblocks 4 is hinged the ventilator,

by hinges 5 one flange of which is screwed to ventilator by flanges 3.Thus it will be seen that the entire box is free to swing, and so theplacing of 'it under the sash is readily effected, the partition block 4being inserted first,- after which the ven'tilator'is readily swung intoposit-ion'as shown when it is ready for operation.

Fig.1 may betaken. as a face view of the ventilator, either from withoutlooking inwardly' or vice versa, the currents of air being always asindicated by the-arrows, whetherfrom within outwardly, as the case maybe.

-fresh air from without inwardly or foul air In the front of theventilator as used for I stationary service, I employa diaphragm 7secured to the case slightly back of its front- IOO -as'to leave a space11.

partition are caused to recedeat a slight g'ngle toward the center 12and the lower edge 16 curvedunder in a direction away from the diaphragm7 as at 13 so as to offer no resist- 'ing edge to the currents of.enteringair. Projectinginwardly from each. end'toward the center aretwo sets of vertical walls 14 15 also secured to the top and extendingdownwardly, not quite as low as the partition 10. The walls 14 15converge toward the center and meet at the point 16' equidistant fromthe ends and separated byaspace .17 as shown in Fig. 2. The lower edgesof these walls are also curved under as at 18 in the same manner as thepartitions l0 and for the same purpose of presenting a rounded surfaceto the currents of air. Beyond these partitions is located a partition19 extending clear across the full length of the case, secured to thebottom and extending inwardly to the point 20 located midway between thepoints of the pro jecting walls 14. 15. At either end this partition 19is of the full height of the inside of the case and the height isreduced toward the center,- the surplus being bent over to form thecurved flange 21 which like the others already described extend in thesame direction as the currents of air 'and for the like purpose ofoffering a rounded corner to their passage. case is covered by awire-gauze 22, the purpose of which is to prevent the passage of foreignmatter or insects. A hood 23 is hinged to the bottom of the case, andwhen desired, it may be swung up over the case as shown in Fig. 4 toprevent the passage of air. The

. purpose of the various cross partitionsis to prevent the entrance ofrain, dust, cinders or such other substances as might find entrance, andto throw them down on the bottom of the case, from which they may bevery easily removed from time to'time.

In the construction of ventilators illustrated on Sheet 2 of thedrawings, the same general arrangement of partitions prevails, exceptthat the diaphragm 7 is dispensed with, and in place of the screen 22 Iemploy a partition 24 arranged and secured to-the case in the samemanner as the diaphragm 7 having a space 9' around it for the passage ofthe escaping air. A further additional feature is a funnel 25, providedwith flaring outwardly projecting lips 26 the funnel extending with inthe case as shown, and serving to conduct into the interior of the casethe air that will rush into it during the passage of the car. Aventilator of this kind is located usually on the upper part of the car,just under the upper deck and roof, a position best adapted to serve thepurpose of withdrawing the foul and heated air that will rise to thatpoint.

The two sides of this The opening across the side of the;

In Fig. '11 the currents of airfare clearly indicated by the arrows, thearrow A indicating the direction of travel of the car. In this casethepartition 10 is open atthe top, the

opening bei-n'g'greatest at the center as shown in Fig. 7 and the upperedges are flanged over being somewhat rounded and serving to cover thefunnel 25.

The construction and operation of my device will be readily understoodby those skilled in, the art. The arrangement and angleof the variouspartitions-may be altered by theskilled mechanic without departing.

from my invention, although in service a ventilator constructed as Ihave illustrated it and conforming to the general proportions,dimensions, angles and parts will be found to give most satisfactoryresults in practice.

The advantages are obvious since I am enabled to secure perfectventilation, and absolutely prevent the entrance of all solid or foreignmatter by my system of interfering partitions and ba'flie walls.

Having described my-invention and in what manner it is constructed andoperates, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is-- 1.In combination with a window, a ventilator c prising a rectangular boxercase provide ,with a diaphragm anda perforated screen, on the receivingand delivery sides respectively, and intervening flanged bafiiepartitions located between them, the ventilator beingsecnred to aswinging block 6, hinged to a partition block 4, and fitting against asimilar partition block t, the swinging block 6, ventilator case 2, andpartition blocks 4.- and 4' entirely filling the space between thewindow sash and the sill, substantially as set forth.

-2. In combination with a ventilator com ends and bottom and recedingtoward the ce'n ter; partitions 14 and 15 similarly suspended andconverging toward the center to an apex 16; a partition 19 extendingupwardly from the bottom of theoase for the full length, projectingoutwardly toward the center of partition 10, and diminishing in heightfrom the top of the case at each side toward the center, the open edgesof all of the partitions being bent under and over in a direction awayfrom the diaphragm 7, a screen 22 extending across the outer face of thecase, and a head 23 hinged to the bottom for the purpose of closing theopening, substantiallyasset forth.

- 4. In combination witha moving vehicle, a ventilator consisting of arectangular box or esecuredupon an opening in the vehicle provided withfunnels 25 at each end extending-within the ease; partition 10,extending. across the case open at the top andreceding toward thecenter; partitions 14 and 15 suspended from the top of. the case andconvergping toward the center to an apex 16; a. partition 19 suspendedfrom the top of the case, open at the ends projecting inwardly'toward;the center of partition 10, and a diaphragm 24 suspended within the caseand having an interveningsurrounding space 9; the points and angles ofthe various partitions being so located as to ofier an obstruction tothe c i-r-' enlation of foreign matter, and their various flanges being"bent under and over in a direc-. v

tion away fromthe opening in the vehicle,

substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 19th day of June,1894.

JOHN THOMAS DARKINS.

Witnesses:

GEo. I. WHITNEY. 0. M. CLARKE.

5 I Aflidayits having been filed showing that the name. of the patenteein Letters Patent No. 534,322, granted. February '1 9, 1895, for' animprovement in Ventilators, hould have been written and printed JohnThomwns Dorkim instead of John Thomas Darkins, it is hei'eby certifiedthat the proper correction has been made in the files and recordsperteipipg to the ease in the 'Patent-Loflice', ai ld should-be read inthe Letters Patent r that some may conform thereto.

Mareh,'A. D., 1895.

Signed, eountereigxied, and sealed this 12th -da,y of

[SEAL] e Countersigned JonN S. SEYMOUR,

Commissioner of Paten

